UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Jackson D. LEONARD, Appellant

1975-11-18 · Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · United States

read the judgment

8What it rests on

2Relied on since

0Departed from

Relied on since

The judgments that cite this one. This is the answer that tells you the case is still alive.

19771 judgments11 years silent19881 judgments

2 judgments have relied on it, across 1977–1988

first 1977 · last 1988 · busiest 1977 (1 judgments)

1988-05-02Huddleston v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States 1977-07-28UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Cecil ROBINSON, AppellantCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit×2

What it rests on

1973-05-29Schneckloth, Conservation Center Superintendent v. BustamonteSupreme Court of the United States 1973-05-14UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. George BROADWAY, Defendant-AppellantCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 1970-05-18In Re WinshipSupreme Court of the United States 1970-02-06UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Ronald Raymond RAVICH and Edward McConnell, Defendants-AppellantsCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit 1968-11-12Henry Kenneth WANGROW, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America (Two Cases); Daniel Edmund CZAJKOWSKI and Mark Edward Murphy, Appellants, v. UNITED STATES of America (Two Cases)Eighth Circuit 1967-12-18Katz v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States 1966-06-13John Leslie COTTON, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America, AppelleeEighth Circuit 1966-06-13Miranda v. ArizonaSupreme Court of the United States

33 point outside the corpus. Read from the text, but no judgment held here answers to them. They are counted rather than hidden: this corpus is a slice, not the law.

Departed from

No judgment recorded a departure from this one.

Departure is not detected yet, and the gap is deliberate. Searching for the words the Court might use was measured on 1,019 judgments: "depart from" appears 100 times and most often means departing from the facts found by a domestic court; "overruled" appears 44 times, usually about a domestic judgment; "abandon" appears 123 times, most often as abandoned firearms. Tightened to require the Court itself as the subject, precision was still around 40%, the rest being a dissenting judge complaining, or a national supreme court departing from its own case-law. Telling a lawyer an authority is dead when it is alive is worse than saying nothing, so nothing is what this says until each candidate can be judged properly.

not characterised

Most citations carry no word at all. The Court does not always say what it is doing when it cites one of its own judgments, and where it stayed silent nothing is inferred here.